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Emerald Basin on the Scotian Shelf off Nova Scotia, Canada, is home to a globally unique<\/SPAN>aggregation of the glass sponge <\/SPAN>Vazella pourtalesi<\/SPAN><\/SPAN>, first documented in the region in 1889.<\/SPAN>In 2009, Fisheries and Oceans Canada (DFO) implemented two Sponge Conservation<\/SPAN>Areas to protect these sponge grounds from bottom fishing activities. Together, the two conservation<\/SPAN>areas encompass 259 km<\/SPAN>2<\/SPAN><\/SPAN>. In order to ascertain the degree to which the sponge<\/SPAN>grounds remain unprotected, we modelled the presence probability and predicted range distribution<\/SPAN>of <\/SPAN>V<\/SPAN><\/SPAN>. <\/SPAN><\/SPAN>pourtalesi <\/SPAN><\/SPAN>on the Scotian Shelf using random forest modelling on presence<\/SPAN>absence<\/SPAN>records. With a high degree of accuracy the random forest model predicted the<\/SPAN>highest probability of occurrence of <\/SPAN>V<\/SPAN><\/SPAN>. <\/SPAN><\/SPAN>pourtalesi <\/SPAN><\/SPAN>in the inner basins on the central Scotian<\/SPAN>Shelf, with lower probabilities at the shelf break and in the Fundian and Northeast Channels.<\/SPAN>Bottom temperature was the most important determinant of its distribution in the model.<\/SPAN>Although the two DFO Sponge Conservation Areas protect some of the more significant<\/SPAN>concentrations of <\/SPAN>V<\/SPAN><\/SPAN>. <\/SPAN><\/SPAN>pourtalesi<\/SPAN><\/SPAN>, much of its predicted distribution remains unprotected (over<\/SPAN>99%). Examination of the hydrographic conditions in Emerald Basin revealed that the <\/SPAN>V<\/SPAN><\/SPAN>.<\/SPAN>pourtalesi <\/SPAN>sponge grounds are associated with a warmer and more saline water mass compared<\/SPAN>to the surrounding shelf. Reconstruction of historical bottom temperature and salinity<\/SPAN>in Emerald Basin revealed strong multi-decadal variability, with average bottom temperatures<\/SPAN>varying by 8<\/SPAN>˚<\/SPAN><\/SPAN>C. We show that this species has persisted in the face of this climatic variability,<\/SPAN>possibly indicating how it will respond to future climate change.<\/SPAN><\/P><\/DIV><\/DIV><\/DIV>", "geometryType": null, "copyrightText": "Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Bedford Institute of Oceanography, P.O. Box 1006, Dartmouth, NS, Canada B2Y 4A2", "parentLayer": { "id": 22, "name": "Productivité primaire" }, "subLayers": [], "minScale": 0, "maxScale": 0, "defaultVisibility": false, "extent": { "xmin": -7541122.637958339, "ymin": 4869608.514046059, "xmax": -6110104.052416263, "ymax": 6079588.759716075, "spatialReference": { "wkid": 102100, "latestWkid": 3857, "xyTolerance": 0.001, "zTolerance": 0.001, "mTolerance": 0.001, "falseX": -20037700, "falseY": -30241100, "xyUnits": 10000, "falseZ": -100000, "zUnits": 10000, "falseM": -100000, "mUnits": 10000 } }, "hasAttachments": false, "htmlPopupType": "esriServerHTMLPopupTypeNone", "displayField": "", "typeIdField": null, "subtypeFieldName": null, "subtypeField": null, "defaultSubtypeCode": null, "fields": null, "geometryField": {}, "indexes": [], "subtypes": [], "relationships": [], "canModifyLayer": false, "canScaleSymbols": false, "hasLabels": false, "capabilities": "Map,Query", "supportsStatistics": false, "supportsExceedsLimitStatistics": false, "supportsAdvancedQueries": false, "supportedQueryFormats": "JSON, geoJSON, PBF", "isDataVersioned": false, "ownershipBasedAccessControlForFeatures": {"allowOthersToQuery": true}, "useStandardizedQueries": true, "advancedQueryCapabilities": { "useStandardizedQueries": true, "supportsStatistics": false, "supportsPercentileStatistics": false, "supportsHavingClause": false, "supportsOrderBy": false, "supportsDistinct": false, "supportsCountDistinct": false, "supportsPagination": false, "supportsLod": false, "supportsQueryWithLodSR": false, "supportsTrueCurve": true, "supportsQueryWithDatumTransformation": true, "supportsReturningQueryExtent": true, "supportsQueryWithDistance": true, "supportsSqlExpression": false, "supportsTimeRelation": true, "supportsSqlFormat": false, "supportsQueryAnalytic": false }, "supportsDatumTransformation": true, "dateFieldsTimeReference": null, "preferredTimeReference": null, "datesInUnknownTimezone": false, "hasMetadata": true, "isDataArchived": false, "archivingInfo": { "supportsQueryWithHistoricMoment": false, "startArchivingMoment": -1 }, "supportsCoordinatesQuantization": true, "supportsDynamicLegends": true, "serviceItemId": "3164e822d560470682a83904e59f210c" }